JavaScript Closures Explained:

Unlocking the Power of Private Variables and Functions

JavaScript closures are a fundamental yet often misunderstood concept in the language. They play a critical role in creating private variables, managing state, and building powerful abstractions. This article’ll explore closures in-depth, understanding how they work, why they’re useful, and how you can leverage them in your JavaScript code.

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What is a Closure?

A closure is a function that remembers the environment in which it was created, even after that environment has gone out of scope. In simpler terms, a closure allows a function to access variables from an enclosing (outer) function even after the outer function has finished executing.

How Closures Work

To understand closures, let’s start with a basic example:

function outerFunction() {
  let outerVariable = "I'm from the outer function";

  function innerFunction() {
    console.log(outerVariable);
  }

  return innerFunction;
}

const myClosure = outerFunction();
myClosure(); // "I'm from the outer function"

Here’s what’s happening:

1. outerFunction is called: When outerFunction…